INDIA IN SPACE RESEARCH

Introduction

Now, one of the factors which decides the country's capabilities is space and research. There very few countries which prosper in this field. The proud thing for all Indians is that India is also one of them. India is among one who have reached very high heights. In future India may touch even more heights and may even become the first. Lets see the achievements of India in the following period.

Achievements of India

1. Aryabhata - Aryabhata was India's first satellite, named after an Indian astronomer of the same name. It was launched by the Soviet Union on 19 April 1975 from Kapustin Yar using a Kosmos-3M launch vehicle. It was built by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to gain experience in building and operating a satellite in space.

   
   

   
2. Rohini RH-75 - The first Indian-developed rocket was Rohini-RH 75. It was launched from the Thumba equatoria rocket Launching Station (Kerala) in 1967.Its purpose was to conduct meteorological experiments.For carrying out experiments on the celestial x-ray sources a centaure  rocket was successfully launched from the Thumba Station (in Kerala) in 1968.
   
   
   
3. APPLE (Ariane PassengerPayload Experiment) - It is India's first geostationary experimental communication satellite which was put into an elliptical orbit in 1981 from French Guyana by Ariane rocket of European space Agency (ESA).
   
   
   
4. INSAT-I(Indian National Satellite-I) - It is a series of geostationary satellites planned by India. The INSAT-I satellites are designed to meet the telecommunication,telecasting,radiobroadcasting and meteorological requirements of India. All of them are designed for a life span of  seven years.
   
5. INSAT-IB - It was launched in 1983 from the US space shuttle "Challenger". Its functions are : whether surveillance and beaming of telephone calls and television across India. Weather monitoring including advance warning of floods and cyclones is rendered possible through its 
   meteorological payloads.
   
6. ANURADHA - It is an Indian instrument which was taken into orbit (and retrieved succesfully) by the US space shuttle "Challenger" in 1985. The experiment was designed to study particles coming from outer space, mainly to understand where they come from. These particles are ions of helium and oxygen with low energies.
   
   
   
7. The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) - It is an autonomous regional satellite navigation system being developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) which would be under complete control of the Indian government. The requirement of such a navigation system is driven because access to foreign government-controlled global navigation satellite systems is not guaranteed in hostile situations, as happened to the Indian military depending on American GPS during the Kargil War.
   
8. Chandrayaan-1 - It was India's first lunar probe. It was launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation in October 2008, and operated until August 2009. The mission included a lunar orbiter and an impactor. India launched the spacecraft using a PSLV-XL rocket, serial number C11.
   
9. Chandrayaan-2 -  It is India's second lunar exploration mission. Developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), the mission is planned to be launched to the Moon by a Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV), includes a lunar orbiter, a lander and a lunar rover, all developed by India.
   
10. Mars Orbiter Mission - The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also called Mangalyaan  is a space probe orbiting Mars since 24 September 2014. It was launched on 5 November 2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It is India's first interplanetary mission and ISRO has become the fourth space agency to reach Mars, after the Soviet space program, NASA, and the European Space Agency. It is the first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit, and the first nation in the world to do so in its first attempt.
    

Here is an video showing the greatest achievements of ISRO.

These all achievements show that India has faced many difficulties but it has never lost heart. It tried again and again to succeed to become one of the best. India will surely develop in the future. Lets see a goal of India in future.

Dreams of India

One of the most difficult task in space research is sending humans beings into space and other planets. India is planning and holding many experiments to send people into space. It is doing experiments of space shuttles in which humans can travel to space and other planets. I believe that in 2030 India will surely accomplish its dream.