MAKE IN INDIA

Introduction

India  has many new technologies, high-tech weapons and many more. But the question is that, 'Are those made in India?' India buys many technologies from other countries. This will increase the cost of products as they are imported and it will not give any employment opportunities to the people of India. This results in decrease in GDP and thus economy.

Concerning on this issue our honourable Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi has introduced a program "Make in India".

Make in India is an initiative program of the Government of India to encourage companies to manufacture their products in India. It was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 25th September 2014.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi had hinted towards the initiative in his Independence Day speech of 15 August 2014. It was launched on 25 September 2014 in a function at the Vigyan Bhawan.

On 29 December 2014, a workshop was organised by the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion which was attended by Modi, his Cabinet ministers, chief secretaries of states and various industry leaders.

The major objective behind the initiative is to focus on 25 sectors of the economy for job creation and skill enhancement. Some of these sectors are: automobiles, chemicals, IT, pharmaceuticals, textiles, ports, aviation, leather, tourism and hospitality, wellness, railways, auto components, design manufacturing, renewable energy, mining, bio-technology, and electronics. The initiative hopes to increase GDP growth and tax revenue.

The initiative also aims at high quality standards and minimising the impact on the environment. The initiative hopes to attract capital and technological investment in India.

If this program is implemented correctly India would prosper by 2030. India will then turn from importer to exporter which increases the GDP and thus the economy. This will help the country to win over poverty.

Here is a video showing the benefits of "Make in India"

There are some policies laid down by "Make in India":- 

• New Initiatives- The Make in India program includes major new initiatives designed to facilitate investment, foster innovation, protect intellectual property, and build best-in-class manufacturing infrastructure.

• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)- India has already marked its presence as one of the fastest growing economies of the world. It has been ranked among the top 3 attractive destinations for inbound investments. Since 1991, the regulatory environment in terms of foreign investment has been consistently eased to make it investor-friendly.

• Intellectual Property Facts- The Indian government has taken several initiatives to create a conducive environment for the protection of intellectual property rights of innovators and creators by bringing about changes at legislative and policy level. In addition, specific focus has been placed on improved service delivery by upgrading infrastructure, building capacity and using state-of-the-art technology in the functioning of intellectual property offices in the country. This measure has resulted in sweeping changes in IP administration within the country.

• National Manufacturing- The need to raise the global competitiveness of the Indian manufacturing sector is imperative for the country’s long term-growth. The National Manufacturing Policy is by far the most comprehensive and significant policy initiative taken by the Government. The policy is the first of its kind for the manufacturing sector as it addresses areas of regulation, infrastructure, skill development, technology, availability of finance, exit mechanism and other pertinent factors related to the growth of the sector.

ECONOMY OF INDIA

Introduction

Economy is one of the major factors on which the county's whole fate depends on. In 2015 US is on the top world's leading economy, the second is China and the third is Japan. India is tenth in it. It is expected that there will be a change in the future. 

The future of Indian Economy

In 2030, India could be the rising economic powerhouse of the world as China is seen today and that it will continue to consolidate its power advantage over Pakistan. China's current economic growth rate - 8 to 10 per cent - will probably be a distant memory by 2030.

"India's rate of economic growth is likely to rise while China's slows," said the report which is aimed at providing a framework for thinking about the future. According to the report, the total size of the Chinese working-age population will peak in 2016 and decline from 994 million to about 961 million in 2030.

According to the NIC report, the World Bank assesses that India will join China as an "emerging economy growth pole" by 2025, which could help to strengthen the global economy.

World Bank modeling suggests that together China and India will serve as nearly twice the engine for growth as of the United States and the euro zone combined by 2025, the report said.

This shows us that in 2030 India will be the third in the rank of world's leading economy.                                                                                       

Here is a video showing the ranks of world's leading economies in 2030

GREEN INDIA

 

Introduction

One of the serius threat to the world is global warming. The main factor of global warming is Carbon dioxide which is produced while burning carbon compounds like fossil fuels, coke etc.

Many countries have taken steps to decrease the emissions of carbon dioxide. India is also among the one.

In 2030

India will Invest  $834 billion in the following years ending 2030 to reduce its emission intensity to gross domestic product by 42 per cent over 2007 levels, according to a Planning Commission expert group. According to the final report of the expert group on low carbon strategies for inclusive growth, the massive change in the energy mix by 2030 will result in lower demand of coal at 1,278 million tonnes from estimated 1,568 million tonnes.

One of the major requirements of fossil fuels is for electricity production. For this India will develop many technologies as an alternate source of energy.

Wind Energy- The development of wind power in India began in the 1990s, and has significantly increased in the last few years. Although a relative newcomer to the wind industry compared with Denmark or the US, domestic policy support for wind power has led India to become the country with the fifth largest installed wind power capacity in the world. It is expected that India will improve more till 2030.

Solar Energy- India is densely populated and has high solar insolation, an ideal combination for using solar power.  Much of the country does not have an electrical grid, so one of the first applications of solar power has been for water pumping, to begin replacing India's four to five million diesel powered water pumps, each consuming about 3.5 kilowatts, and off-grid lighting. Some large projects have been proposed, and a 35,000 km² area of the Thar Desert has been set aside for solar power projects, sufficient to generate 700 to 2,100 gigawatts. India is expecting to gain this till 2030.

Here is a video showing a new innovation of India for producing energy.

In 2030 India will surely become a country which will be the least carbon emitting countries.

INDIA IN DEFENCE RESEARCH

Introduction

 Defence is one of the main factors deciding a country's safety and technological capabilities. India has done very well in its past years. It is also one of the best country which has best defence technologies. Let us see some of its achievements.

Achievements of DRDO

• Tejas - Tejas was the name given to the aircraft, saw first flight in 2001. Our country's first self made light combat aircraft was built by HAL and developed by Dr. Koti. It was a result of the diminishing value of the country's soon to be obsolete Mig-21 fighter jets and, true to it's name, made our defence sector's future a lot more radiant.
  

Indian Nuclear Research Programme - Thanks to the efforts of Dr. Homi Baba, India has achieved nuclear capability, thereby avoiding certain conflict simply through non aggression treaties. This also made us one of the few nations to have atomic power as a source of energy as well as a way to weaponise.

Agni V - AgniV is an intercontinental ballistic missile developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) of India.Agni V is part of the Agni series of missiles, one of the missile systems under the original Integrated Guided Missile Development Program. According to DRDO  the exact range of Agni V is "classified" or "understated" but afterwards he described Agni V as a missile with a range of 5,500–5,800 km.

INS Kolkata - It is the largerst warship to ever built in India. The 6,800-tonne INS Kolkata, the largest-ever warship to be built in India, was commissioned in August 2014. The warship is country's biggest and most powerful guided missile-destroyer.

INS Sindhukirti - In a major boost for both, the Indian Navy and Hindustan Shipyard limited (HSL), the Sindhughosh-class diesel-electric submarine - INS Sindhukirti, which has been undergoing a medium refit at HSL, was undocked at the yard.

Astra - DRDO's Air-to-Air missile - India's first indigenously developed Beyond Visual Range (BVR) Air-to-Air missile 'Astra' was tested successfully in 2014. The indigenously developed missile from the DRDO is an all-weather weapon with active Radar terminal guidance. 

INS Vikramaditya - India is operating two aircraft carriers in its maritime zone with the arrival of its largest warship INS Vikramaditya in the Arabian Sea where it is now operating with INS Viraat.

Advanced Air Defence- Advanced Air Defence (AAD) is an anti-ballistic missile designed to intercept incoming ballistic missiles in the endo-atmosphere at an altitude of 30 km (19 mi). AAD is a single-stage, solid-fuelled missile. Guidance is similar to that of PAD. It has an inertial navigation system, midcourse updates from ground based radar and active radar homing in the terminal phase.

India has made many high-tech defence weapons in the past. Now it is aiming for more. India in the past had bought aircrafts, helicopter and other defence vehicles from other countries like France, America etc. Now it is expected that India will basically aim for the invention in defence vehicles made in India by 2030. Below are some few expected vehicles and other technologies.

1. LCH prototype TD-3 - It is a Light Combat Helicopter is a twin- engine, dedicated combat helicopter of 5.8 tonne class designed and developed by HAL to meet the requirements of Indian defence forces. The helicopter is designed to carry out dedicated combat roles such as air defence, anti-tank, scout and support combat search and rescue missions.
   
2. Akash- It is a surface-to-air missile which being made indigenously in India. It is expected that till 2030 it will be in service for protection from fighters and other enemy planes.
   
3. Future of Indian Army- The multi-dimensional nature of tasks that the Army is expected to perform by the end of the next decade underlines the requirement of a well equipped and well trained force capable of operating over a wide spectrum with an ability to reorient itself in the least possible time to suit the national security requirements. It should be able to deliver in the face of both the external and internal challenges facing the nation. Every component constituting it must function in synchronisation with the rest to deliver optimum results. We, therefore, need to examine each major component to see what improvements are required by 2030.
   

The video below shows the expected defence technologies with India in 2030.

INDIA IN SPACE RESEARCH

Introduction

Now, one of the factors which decides the country's capabilities is space and research. There very few countries which prosper in this field. The proud thing for all Indians is that India is also one of them. India is among one who have reached very high heights. In future India may touch even more heights and may even become the first. Lets see the achievements of India in the following period.

Achievements of India

1. Aryabhata - Aryabhata was India's first satellite, named after an Indian astronomer of the same name. It was launched by the Soviet Union on 19 April 1975 from Kapustin Yar using a Kosmos-3M launch vehicle. It was built by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to gain experience in building and operating a satellite in space.

   
   

   
2. Rohini RH-75 - The first Indian-developed rocket was Rohini-RH 75. It was launched from the Thumba equatoria rocket Launching Station (Kerala) in 1967.Its purpose was to conduct meteorological experiments.For carrying out experiments on the celestial x-ray sources a centaure  rocket was successfully launched from the Thumba Station (in Kerala) in 1968.
   
   
   
3. APPLE (Ariane PassengerPayload Experiment) - It is India's first geostationary experimental communication satellite which was put into an elliptical orbit in 1981 from French Guyana by Ariane rocket of European space Agency (ESA).
   
   
   
4. INSAT-I(Indian National Satellite-I) - It is a series of geostationary satellites planned by India. The INSAT-I satellites are designed to meet the telecommunication,telecasting,radiobroadcasting and meteorological requirements of India. All of them are designed for a life span of  seven years.
   
5. INSAT-IB - It was launched in 1983 from the US space shuttle "Challenger". Its functions are : whether surveillance and beaming of telephone calls and television across India. Weather monitoring including advance warning of floods and cyclones is rendered possible through its 
   meteorological payloads.
   
6. ANURADHA - It is an Indian instrument which was taken into orbit (and retrieved succesfully) by the US space shuttle "Challenger" in 1985. The experiment was designed to study particles coming from outer space, mainly to understand where they come from. These particles are ions of helium and oxygen with low energies.
   
   
   
7. The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) - It is an autonomous regional satellite navigation system being developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) which would be under complete control of the Indian government. The requirement of such a navigation system is driven because access to foreign government-controlled global navigation satellite systems is not guaranteed in hostile situations, as happened to the Indian military depending on American GPS during the Kargil War.
   
8. Chandrayaan-1 - It was India's first lunar probe. It was launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation in October 2008, and operated until August 2009. The mission included a lunar orbiter and an impactor. India launched the spacecraft using a PSLV-XL rocket, serial number C11.
   
9. Chandrayaan-2 -  It is India's second lunar exploration mission. Developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), the mission is planned to be launched to the Moon by a Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV), includes a lunar orbiter, a lander and a lunar rover, all developed by India.
   
10. Mars Orbiter Mission - The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also called Mangalyaan  is a space probe orbiting Mars since 24 September 2014. It was launched on 5 November 2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It is India's first interplanetary mission and ISRO has become the fourth space agency to reach Mars, after the Soviet space program, NASA, and the European Space Agency. It is the first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit, and the first nation in the world to do so in its first attempt.
    

Here is an video showing the greatest achievements of ISRO.

These all achievements show that India has faced many difficulties but it has never lost heart. It tried again and again to succeed to become one of the best. India will surely develop in the future. Lets see a goal of India in future.

Dreams of India

One of the most difficult task in space research is sending humans beings into space and other planets. India is planning and holding many experiments to send people into space. It is doing experiments of space shuttles in which humans can travel to space and other planets. I believe that in 2030 India will surely accomplish its dream.